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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 12:36 am
Time: 12:36 am
Results for organized crime (italy)
7 results foundAuthor: Mennella, Antonella Title: Informal Social Networks, Organised Crime and Local Labour Market Summary: This paper’s purpose is to show a new informal social networks interpretation, according to which social networks change their nature if they are located in social contexts where organised crime is relevant. Here the perusal of a social network is just a necessary condition to enter the labour market rather than a deliberate choice. Moreover this labour market is the ground where favouritisms and social and electoral consensus policies take place. The paper is organised as follows. Section 2 presents a short review of the literature on informal social networks in labour market, Section 3 focuses on Italian economic literature on organised crime. The subsequent section highlights the new concept of informal social networks and explains the introduction of organised crime in the relationship between informal channels and labour market. The theoretical model, with the new three hypothesis, is developed in Section 5. Section 6 presents the econometric estimates and Section 7 closes the paper. Details: Rome: Dipartimento di Economia Università degli Studi Roma Tre Source: Internet Resource: Working Paper No. 126: Accessed January 10, 2012 at: http://dipeco.uniroma3.it/public/WP%20126%20Mennella%202011.pdf Year: 0 Country: Italy URL: http://dipeco.uniroma3.it/public/WP%20126%20Mennella%202011.pdf Shelf Number: 123551 Keywords: Economics of CrimeEmployment and CrimeOrganized Crime (Italy)Social Networks |
Author: Pinotti, Paolo Title: The Economic Costs of Organized Crime: Evidence from Southern Italy Summary: I examine the post-war economic development of two regions in southern Italy exposed to mafia activity after the 1970s and apply synthetic control methods to estimate their counterfactual economic performance in the absence of organized crime. The synthetic control is a weighted average of other regions less affected by mafia activity that mimics the economic structure and outcomes of the regions of interest several years before the advent of organized crime. The comparison of actual and counterfactual development shows that the presence of mafia lowers GDP per capita by 16%, at the same time as murders increase sharply relative to the synthetic control. Evidence from electricity consumption and growth accounting suggest that lower GDP reflects a net loss of economic activity, due to the substitution of private capital with less productive public investment, rather than a mere reallocation from the official to the unofficial sector. Details: Milan, Italy: Universita Bocconi, 2012. 34p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 21, 2012 at: https://irvapp.fbk.eu/sites/irvapp.fbk.eu/files/irvapp_seminar_2013_01_pinotti_paper.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Italy URL: http://www.frdb.org/upload/file/MILLS/Paper_Pinotti_2012.pdf Shelf Number: 124623 Keywords: Economics of CrimeMafiaOrganized Crime (Italy) |
Author: Barone, Guglielmo Title: The Effect of Organized Crime on Public Funds Summary: Organized crime is widely regarded as damaging to the economy, to say nothing of people’s lives. Yet little is known about the mechanism at work. This paper helps fill the gap by analyzing the impact of organized crime on the allocation of public subsidies to businesses. We assemble an innovative data set on Italian mafia crimes at municipal level and test whether organized crime diverts public funding. We exploit exogenous variations at the level of municipalities to instrument current mafia-style activity by using exogenous shifters of land productivity in the 19th century. Our results show that the presence of organized crime positively affects both the extensive margin (probability of funding) and the intensive margin (amount of public funding to enterprises). The impact is economically relevant and equal to at least one standard deviation of the dependent variable. Organized crime is also found to cause episodes of corruption in the public administration. A series of robustness checks confirm the findings. Our results suggest that geographically targeted aid policies should be careful to take local crime conditions into account. Details: Bologna: Bank of Italy, Economic Research Union, 2013. 42p. Source: Internet Resource: Bank of Italy Temi di Discussione (Working Paper) No. 916 : Accessed July 17, 2013 at: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2281920 Year: 2013 Country: Italy URL: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2281920 Shelf Number: 129425 Keywords: Organized Crime (Italy)Political CorruptionPublic Economy |
Author: Cara, Arben Title: Investigating and Combating Organized Crime in EU Summary: The organized crime (OC) situation within the EU is developing rapidly. It is a growing problem within the EU and poses a threat to the EU objective to create a high level of safety within an area of freedom, security and justice. On the one hand, the opening of the borders between EU – 27 member states have made the indigenous and non-indigenous OC groups within the EU aware of the possibilities of expanding their criminal activities. Furthermore, to achieve criminal successes, the OC groups exploit the absence of or delay in the political initiatives or the unforeseen, negatives consequences of these as well as judicial changes among different EU member states. On the other hand, the growth of the European Union however does not just provide the organized crime with new opportunities in a common geographical and political space; it also provides the EU with an opportunity to streamline its political initiatives and activities, to become more efficient by overcoming national differences in the area of law enforcement. The EU has taken advantage of this new opportunity and from the recent years up to now has adopted a global strategy in the struggle against the organized crime both within the EU and in the international level. This strategy for the purpose of my research is divided into important parts: The investigation of organized crime and the combating of organized crime, within EU and beyond. The primary aim of this work is just to analyze and to bring insights for the EU a logic line and method to investigate and combat the organized crime from EU. We should keep in mind that the EU is not “a state” and the difficulties to achieve this goal are enormous. And, a good example to frame laws and to introduce efficient investigative methods, in different member states and in its own EU legislation, is Italy. As regards the methodology it is a mixing between analyze and descriptive one. The work will focus more on e European perspective of the fight against the organized crime than on individual national actions against it. The two important moments of this strategy against organized crime are reflected as I mentioned above on the investigation of organized crime, and combating of organized crime. Details: Trieste, Italy: Università degli studi di Trieste, 2011. 205p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed August 12, 2013 at: http://www.openstarts.units.it/dspace/handle/10077/7446 Year: 2011 Country: Europe URL: http://www.openstarts.units.it/dspace/handle/10077/7446 Shelf Number: 129620 Keywords: MafiaOrganized Crime (Italy) |
Author: Kingston, Natasha Alana Title: Newcomers in Organised Crime: A case study of Giuseppe Rogoli's Sacra Corona Unita, 1979-1999 Summary: This thesis focuses on newcomers in organised crime, employing a case study on the Apulian Sacra Corona Unita (SCU) clan. The thesis tackles the following questions: Do newcomers in a crowded national context adopt their organisational structure in response to predominantly structural or agency factors?; Is the adopted organisational configuration stable or subject to change and fluctuations?; Finally, does this organisational configuration impact upon the success or failure of newcomers in the field of organised crime? In order to respond to these questions, the SCU was selected as a representative example of a newcomer in the Italian national context. A historiographical analytical approach was adopted and the thesis is, therefore, divided into three distinct time periods; the preorganised crime era in Apulia and the emergence of the first native organisation (the SCU); the early years of the SCU and emerging weaknesses at the heart of the organisation; and the era of the state counteroffensive and organisational decline. A structure and agency approach has been applied to the case study in order to address the different ages of the organisation vis-a-vis our research questions. Data, in the form of material from the principal trials, have been analysed to produce a narrative history of the organisation, enabling us to draw conclusions about the factors which may account for organisational success or failure. We focus on Italy as the home of European organised crime, but the SCU represents a distinct case due to its status as a newcomer, its relative anonymity, particularly on a global scale, and its complex and often incongruous history. It is in the interests of researchers and policy makers alike to investigate even the smaller, less successful organised crime syndicates if any cohesive and effective approach to combating the phenomenon is ever to be reached. Details: Bath, UK: University of Bath, 2012. 227p. Source: Internet Resource: Dissertation: Accessed July 18, http://opus.bath.ac.uk/31668/1/UnivBath_PhD_2012_N_Kingston.pdf2014 at: Year: 2012 Country: Italy URL: http://opus.bath.ac.uk/31668/1/UnivBath_PhD_2012_N_Kingston.pdf Shelf Number: 132713 Keywords: Criminal SyndicatesOrganized Crime (Italy) |
Author: Meier, Stephan Title: Trust and In-Group Favoritism in a Culture of Crime Summary: We use experiments in high schools in two neighborhoods in the metropolitan area of Palermo, Italy to experimentally demonstrate that the historical informal institution of organized crime can undermine current institutions, even in religiously and ethnically homogeneous populations. Using trust and prisoner's dilemma games, we found that students in a neighborhood with high Mafia involvement exhibit lower generalized trust and trustworthiness, but higher in-group favoritism, with punishment norms failing to resolve these deficits. Our study suggests that a culture of organized crime can affect adolescent norms and attitudes that might support a vicious cycle of in-group favoritism and crime that in turn hinders economic development. Details: Bonn: Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), 2014. 67p. Source: Internet Resource: IZA Discussion Paper No. 8169: Accessed September 2, 2014 at: http://ftp.iza.org/dp8169.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Italy URL: http://ftp.iza.org/dp8169.pdf Shelf Number: 133164 Keywords: MafiaOrganized Crime (Italy) |
Author: Mosca, Michele Title: The Reuse for Social Aims of Illegal Assets and the Competition Policy. A New Network Strategy to Defeat Organized Crime with It Same "Weapon" Summary: The economic theory of crime considers criminal a rational individual, maximiser and perfectly informed on the costs and benefits of his/her actions, or rather fully able to decide whether to assume a deviant behaviour rather than devoting himself/herself to a legal activity. Such abstraction involves a fundamental implication regarding the policy of prevention and fight against crime, in particular organised crime: if the choice to violate a norm is rational and sustained by a very serious evaluation of the consequent expected utility of this behaviour, a more rational system of penal justice is needed, to reduce its number. Nevertheless, nowadays several impedimental factors make it difficult to realise effective incentive policies against organised crime. This paper aims at analysing the role of reusing for social purposes of the assets confiscated from criminal organisations (currently regulated by the New Anti-Mafia Code, issued by Legislative Decree No. 159/2011) and intends to show - using a theoretical model based on the insights of the Social Network Analysis and Theory of Evolving Networks - that is possible to defeat criminal networks using the same "weapons" which criminal organizations use, that is the same social capital and those same network of relationships which constitute their strength. Details: Naples, IT: University of Naples Federico II, Department of Economics, 2012. 32p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed March 11, 2015 at: http://www.siecon.org/online/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Mosca-Villani.pdf Year: 2012 Country: Italy URL: http://www.siecon.org/online/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Mosca-Villani.pdf Shelf Number: 134892 Keywords: Economics of CrimeOrganized Crime (Italy)Social Networks |